Modals

Present	Past	Meaning (significado)
Will	would
Shall	should	Deveria (sugestão)
May	might	Poderia (ter permissão)
Can	could	Poderia (ter habilidade, conseguir)
Must	must	Deveria (ter obrigação)

VERB TENSES – Conditional

Structure

 + would + v-infinitive

When you use

Things that I would like to do but I can’t or I’m not sure if I can

 Examples

I would like to go with you

VERB TENSES – Future using going to

Structure

 + be + going to

When you use

Previous decision

 Examples

I am going to travel tonight

VERB TENSES – Future using Present Continuous

Structure

 + be + v-ing

When you use

Arrangements for the future

 Examples

I’m traveling to Araras tomorrow

VERB TENSES – Future using Simple Present

Structure

 + v

When you use

time tables - open/close

start/finish    leave/arrive

 Examples

Where does the plane leave on Saturday?

VERB TENSES – Future Perfect Continuous

Structure

 + will + have been + v-ing

When you use

Things that I will have been doing during some time in the future

 Examples

I’ll have been working while he fix the machine

Passive Voice

 + will + have + been + being + v-pp

VERB TENSES – Future Perfect

Structure

 + will + have + v-pp

When you use

Things that I will have done in the future

Examples

I’ll have finished my job when he arrive tomorrow

Passive Voice

 + will + have + been + v-pp

VERB TENSES – Future Continuous

will / shall

Structure

 + will + be + v-ing

When you use

Things that I will be doing during some time in the future

Examples

I’ll be working when he arrive tomorrow

Passive Voice

 + will + be + being + v-pp

VERB TENSES – Future Simple

will / shall

Structure

 + will + v

When you use

Immediate decision

Examples

I will visit you.

Will you …?

Passive Voice

 + will + be + v-pp

VERB TENSES - Past in the Future

 Structure

 + was/were + going to

When you use

Things that you’d intend to do in the past but you didn’t 

Examples

I was going to call you when you arrived

VERB TENSES Past Perfect continuous

 Structure

+ had + been + v-ing

When you use

Action which happened in past, continuous for certain time in the past 

Examples

I had been working …

Had you been working…?

Passive Voice

 + had + been + being + v-pp

VERB TENSES - Past Perfect

Structure

 + had + v-pp 

When you use

Two actions in the past. One happens before the other

Examples

I had finished my homework when she arrived.

Had you finished…?

Passive Voice

 + had + been + v-pp

VERB TENSES - Past Continuous

Structure

 + was/were + v-ing 

When you use

Two simultaneous actions in the past

Examples

I was watching TV when he arrived.

Were you watching TV…?

Passive Voice

 + was/were + being + v-pp 

VERB TENSES - Past simple

Structure

 + v-past

When you use

Action which started and finished in the past.

Examples

I studied yesterday.

Did you study?

I went to Araras last week.

I was sick last Monday

Passive Voice

 + have + been + been + v-pp

VERB TENSES - Present Perfect Continuous

Structure

 + have + been + v-ing 

When you use

Action which happened in past,

continuous today and we intend to do in the future 

Examples

I have been studying English

Have you been studying?

Passive Voice

 + have + been + been + v-pp

VERB TENSES - Present Perfect

Structure

 + have + v-pp 

When you use

Action which happened in past: - until now or

- we can see the results or

- just finished.

Examples

I have studied English

Have you studied?

He has just arrived

She has been sick

Passive Voice

 + have + been + v-pp

Simple present – verbos regulares

Verb: to work (trabalhar)

Conjugação	Pronúncia	Significado
I     work	ái uôrk	Eu trabalho
You work	iú uôrk	Você trabalha
He / She / it works	rri / xi / it uôrks	Ele /Ela trabalha
You  work	iú uôrk	Vocês trabalham
We   work	uí uôrk	Nós trabalhamos
They work	dêi uôrk	Eles trabalham

Note que a 3ª pessoa do singular ganha um “s” no final do verbo.

Existem exceções.

Exemplo	Significado
I walk every day	Eu ando todos os dias
I have a car	Eu tenho um carro
It rains a lot in winter	Chove muito no inverno
The stores open at 9:00 o´clock	As lojas abrem às 9:00 horas
We do a lot of things	Nós fazemos muitas coisas

Exercises

Margaret  speaks  four languages. (speak)

He _____ (read)

The museums _____ at 5 pm. (close)

I ______  coffee. (like)

He ____  his girlfriend (love)

We _____  games every week. (play)

Vocabulary 

To speak = falar

Four = 4

Languages = línguas

To read = ler

Museums = museus

at 5 pm = às 5 da tarde

To close = fechar

Coffee = café

To like = gostar

His = dele

girlfriend  =  namorada

to love = amar

games = jogos

every week = toda semana

to play = jogar

Os dias da semana

Os dias da semana

dia	Como escreve	Como pronuncia
2a	Monday	môndei
3a	Tuesday	tiusdei
4a	Wednesday	uénisdei
5a	Thursday	târsdei
6a	Friday	fráidei
Sábado	Saturday	sáturdei
Domingo	Sunday	sãndei

Os números

numbers	Como escreve	Como pronuncia
0	zero	zírou
1	One	uãn
2	Two	Tíu
3	Three	Trui
4	Four	for
5	Five	faive
6	Six	six
7	Seven	séven
8	Eight	êit
9	Nine	náine
10	Ten	tén
11	Eleven	eléven
12	Twelve	tiuélve
13	Thirteen	tãrtin
14	Fourteen	fórtin
15	Fifteen	fiftin
16	Sixteen	Sixtin
17	Seventeen	Séventin
18	Eighteen	êitin
19	Nineteen	náinetin
20	Twenty	Tíuenti
21	twenty one	Tíuenti uãn
22	twenty two
.
29	twenty nine
30	thirty	tãrty
31	thirty one
.
39	thirty nine
40	forty	fórty
50	fifty	fifti
60	sixty	sixti
70	seventy	seventi
80	eighty	êiti
90	ninety	náineti
100	one hundred	Uãn rãndred
200	two hundred	Tíu rãndred
.
1.000	one Thousand	Uãn táusand
2.000	two Thousand	Tíu táusand